DaveB wrote:gstark wrote:mrbillf wrote:For those who don't know what they are - You use them so the flash is always centred over the lens whether the camera is vertical or horizontal.
Which, in all honesty, is the last place that you really want to have your flash head.
That location tends to lead red-eye.
You really want to have the flash head offset to one side, as well as above the lens axis.
The only thing to minimise red-eye (or "silver-eye" with many birds/animals) is to move the flash as far away from the lens axis as possible. It has nothing to do with being above the camera. The "hammer" style of flash moves the flash up and to the side, but it's the resulting distance from the flash to the lens axis that matters.
Dave,
Do want the flash to be below the lens though? I suspect not, because that can throw a shadow above and behind your subject. It's not exactly a good look.
Thus above, and offset to one side, or the other, is the preferred placement.
Simply placing it above the lens, but on the same axis, is not a satisfactory solution IMHO, because, as you agree, putting it on the same axis leads to an increased possibility of redeye.
Because we live in a world where the sun is generally overhead, we subconsciously expect to see shadows below an object, not to one side.
It actually goes a long way beyond that, though.
Try shooting a portrait of somebody with a hammer head, but place the head so that it's below the lens axis, and throwing a shadow above the subject. As I've noted above, it's not a good look at all, and that's nothing to do with our expectation of where the sun might place its shadow. It simply looks bad.
I've sometimes got the best results by holding the camera upside down. You get funny looks from some people, but the results are worth it!
I get them to tilt their head up a little. It doesn't take much to pull a built-in flash to shoot under-the-brim.